Alcohols.

Primary: oxidises into an Aldehyde. It can be oxidised once again to form a Carboxylic acid. Secondary alcohols can be oxidised into a Ketone. The gemeral formula for an alcohol is CnH2n+1OH

The reagents for these reactions are Dilute Sulphuric acid, and Potassium Dichromate.

To identifiy whether an alcohol is primary or secondary, after distilling, you can either use Fehling's, which can oxidise an Aldehyde to give a brick red precipitate, but you get nothing from a ketone. You can also use Tollen's Silver Mirror, in which, it oxidises the Aldehyde to give a silver mirror precipitate, but again, does nothing to the ketone, as they cannot be further oxidised, whereas aldehydes can, to Carboxylic acids.

Ethanol is produced by fermentation. The carbohydrates in plants are broken into sugar, and then converted by yeast enzymes into ethanol.

C6H12O6 => 2C2H5OH + 2CO

35 degrees. Air is kept out to prevent further oxidation.

It costs less to grow a plant then to mine, and it is carbon neutral.

Biofuel: A fuel made from a renewable resource.

Carbon Neutral: As much CO2 that is absorbed from the air is given out.