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Thursday 30 December 2010

ALL the synthetic routes reactions. xD Chem4


REACTIONS:
  • ALKANE → HALOALKANE, mechanism: free radical substitution, condition: UV light
  • HALOALKANE → AMINE (primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary ammonium salt), mechanism: nucleophillic substitution, reagent: ammonia, condition: heat
  • HALOALKANE → NITRILE, mechanism: nucleophillic substitution, reagent: Cyanide OR Potassium/Hydrogen Cyanide, conditions: ethanol, reflux
  • NITRILE → PRIMARY AMINE, reaction: reduction, reagent: LiAlH4, conditions: in DRY ether
  • HALOALKANE → ALCOHOL, reagent: NaOH, condition: Reflux
  • HALOALKANE → ALKENE, mechanism: elimination
  • ALKENE → HALOALKANE, mechanism: electrophyllic addtion, reagent: HBr, condition: twenty degrees
  • ALCOHOL → ALDEHYDE/KETONE, reaction: oxidation, reagent: acidified potassium dichromate, condition: distil
  • ALDEHYDE → CARBOXYLIC ACID, reaction: oxidation, reagent: acidified potassium dichromate, condition: heat + reflux
  • ALDEHYDE/CARB ACID/KETONE → ALCOHOL, reaction: reduction, reagent: NaBH4, condition: in water with methanol
  • CARBOXYLIC ACID → ESTER, reagent: alcohol, conditions: strong acid catalyst, reflux
  • ESTER → CARBOXYLIC ACID, reagent: water, conditions: strong acid catalyst, room temperature.
  • ALDEHYDE/KETONE → reagent: HCN, conditions: twenty degrees
  • ACYL CHLORIDE → ESTER, mechanism: addition elimination, reagent: alcohol, conditions: twenty degrees
  • ACYL CHLORIDE → PRIMARY AMIDE, reagent: Ammonia, ADDITION ELIMINATION. Twenty degrees
  • ACYL CHLORIDE → AMINE, reagent: amine, conditions: twenty degrees.
  • ACYL CHLORIDE → CARBOXYLIC ACID, reagent: water, conditions: twenty degrees.